Study Phenophysiology of The Reproductive Periode in Terms of Flowering Induction

Luh Putu Anom Sulistiawati; I Nengah Suaria; Ni Komang Alit Astiari; I Made Suarta

doi:10.22225/seas.1.2.400.60-68

Luh Putu Anom Sulistiawati
I Nengah Suaria
Ni Komang Alit Astiari
I Made Suarta

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22225/seas.1.2.400.60-68

Abstract

The aim of research to determine the period of leaf repopulation, in order to form the flowering of Siam citrus plant. The study was conducted from March to December 2016, in Catur Village, Kintamani District, Bangli Regency, Bali Province. The research is descriptive so there is no special treatment given to the samples. The research is done by descriptive method, that is continuous research so that there is a thorough knowledge about the horticultural cultivation problem of tropical fruit, especially the citrus fruit, so that the physiology science of flowering and flowering is obtained in relation Get the fruit of the harvest. The citrus varieties used in this research are Siam citrus plant varieties that have been 6 years old. The number of samples observed as many as 10 plants with the observation of the period of bud shoots with observations every two days, the percentage of leaf buds, the period of shoots The period of leaf shoots, the number of shoots growing. The results showed that the cultivated Siam plants in Catur village Kintamani experienced a period of shoot growth during one period of growth 3 times in one period of growth. There are 4 stages of the period of replanting, ie 1). early shoot, 2), full shoot, 3) adult shoot and 4) dormancy shoot. The observation of the length of time required for early reproduction of approximately 12 weeks from the dormancy shoot, from early shoot to a full-time shoot period of approximately 3 weeks, furthermore for full-time shoot growth of approximately 4 weeks, to The time required adult shoots is approximately 8 weeks. For the amount of repayment during one period of growth of the Siam citrus plant for the period of replanting is the average number of developing is: 6.87 shoots/tree 2 weeks from the emergence of early buds, 15.5 shoots/tree weeks from the appearance of early buds, 26.78 shoots/trees from the emergence of early buds, 38.87 shoots/trees 8 weeks from the appearance of early shoots and 57.09 shoots/trees 12 weeks shoots/trees from the appearance of early shoots. The interest generated during the growth phase during the study was 2 times, with interest yielding an average of approximately 1985 flowers/trees. Keywords: flowering, period shoots, Siam citrus plant

References

Berier, G.B., Kinet, J.M., & Sachs, R.M. (1985). The Initation of Flowering in The Phisiology of Flowering. Volume I. Florida: CRC Press, Inc. hlm. 3-116.

Horbath, D. (2009). Common mechanisms regulate flowering and dormancy. United States Departement of Agricuture Research sevce Biosdence Research Lab 1505.No. 58105 United States.

Dennis F.G. & Neilsen, J.C. (1999). Physiological factor affecting bienniel bearing in tree fruit : The role of seed in apple, Hort. Tecnology, 9(3):317-322.

Departemen Pertanian (2009). Perkembangan produksi, komsumsi dan pengeluaran rata-rata per kapita Jeruk Siam di Indonesia. http://www.agribisnis.deptan.go.id

Departemen Pertanian (2013). Data base pasar Internasional hortikultura tahun 2007-2010. Direktorat Pengolahan dan Pemasaran Hasil Hortikultura Pertanian. Jakarta.

Hanke, M.V., Flachowsky, A.P., & Hattasch, C. (2009). No Flower No Fruit-Genetic Potentials to Trigger Flowering in Fruit Trees. Genes, Genomes and Genomic 1 (1):1-20.

Hempel, F.D, Welch, D.R., & Fieldma, L.J. (2000). Floral Induction and Determination Where is Flowering Controled?. Trends in Plant Sciense 5(1):17-21.

Juan, I., Valiente & Albrigo, L.G. (2007). Flower Bud Induction of Sweet Orange Trees (Citrus sinensis (L) Osbeck) Effect of low temperatures, Croop Load Budage. Horticultural Science University of Florida FAS citrus Research & Education Center 700 Experiment Station Road Coke Apred FL 33850.

Krajewski, A.J. & Rabe, E. (1995). Citrus Flowering : A critical evaluation. Journal of Hort. Science 70 (3):357-374.

Koshita, Y., Takahara, T., & Ogata, A. (1999). Ivovement of endogenous plant hormones (IAA,ABA,GA) in leves and flower bud formation of Satsuma Mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.). Scientia Horticulturae, 79:185-194.

Kowalska, G. (2008). Flowering Biology of Eggplant and Procedures Intensifying Fruit-set. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, Hortorum Cultus, 7(4):63-76.

Lyndon, R.F. (1990). Plant Development. The cellular basis London: Unwin Hyman Inc. 320 hal.

Lizawati (2008). Induksi Pembungaan dan Pembuahan Tanaman Buah dengan Penggunaan Retadan. Jurnal Agronomi, Vol.12 No. 2, Juli-Desember 2008.

Ogaya, R. & J. Penuelas, J. (2007). Drought Effects on flower and fruit Production in a Mediterranean Oak Forest. An International Journal of Forest Research, 80(3):351-357

Poerwanto, R. (2002). Peningkatan Produksi Mutu Untuk Mendukung Ekspor Manggis. Direktorat Jendral Bina Produksi Hortikultura, Depertemen Pertanian. Jakarta.

Poerwanto, R. (2003). Bahan Ajar Budidaya Buah-buahan Modul VII. Pengelolaan Tanah dan Pemupukan Kebun Buah-buahan. Program Studi Hortikutura Pertanian, IPB. Bogor.

Poerwanto, R., Ani, S., Dadang, R.R., & Endang, G. (2010). Pengembangan Jeruk Unggulan Indonesia Guna pemenuhan Kebutuhan Gizi Masyarakat dan Penghematan Devisa Negara Tahun II. Pusat kajian Buah tropia (PKHT), LPPM- Institut Pertanian Bogor, BALIJESTRO-Malang, BPTP Kalimantan Timur, dan Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura- Institut Pertanian Bogor. Jakarta 7 â€“ 8 Nopember 2013.

Rai, I N., Semarajaya, C.G.A., & Wiraatmaja, I.W. (2010). Studi Fenofisiologi Salak Gula Pasir Sebagai Upaya Mengatasi Kegagalan Fruit-set dan Memproduksi Buah di Luar Musim..J..Hort.

Sulistiawati N.P.A. & Kartini, L. (2016). Identitifikasi fase-fase perkembangan dan perubahan pucuk berbunga dan tidak berbunga pada tanaman jeruk siam. Hibah fundamental yang dibiayai RISTEK DIKTI tahun anggaran 2016.