Application of the continuous green-t (CGT) intersection concept at signalized intersection to support sustainable mobility in peatland area
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22225/jipe.5.1.2026.43-50Keywords:
continuous green-t (CGT), signalized intersection, vissim microsimulationAbstract
The signalized intersection of Jl. HR. Soebrantas – Jl. SM. Amin is one of the congestion-prone intersections in Pekanbaru City, particularly due to its location in a peatland area. Peatland conditions, which are characterized by low bearing capacity and high compressibility, limit extensive physical expansion of road infrastructure. At the same time, this intersection serves as a key connector between major activity centers, including educational institutions, offices, commercial areas, and residential zones, resulting in significant traffic congestion and long queues, especially during peak hours. To address these challenges, this study proposes the implementation of a Continuous Green-T (CGT) intersection design as an operational and geometric solution that minimizes the need for large-scale infrastructure modification. The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of the intersection after the implementation of the CGT design using microscopic traffic simulation with VISSIM. The analysis results indicate that the existing condition has an average delay of 62.5 seconds (Level of Service/LOS F), while the implementation of CGT reduces the average delay to 19.3 seconds (LOS C). This demonstrates that the CGT design is effective in reducing intersection delay by 43.2 seconds and improving the Level of Service from F to C, making it a suitable approach for traffic management in physically constrained environments such as peatland areas.
References
[1] A. Waruwu, Paulus Dwi Surya Emili Yanto, Rika Deni Susanti, and Syukurman Harefa, “Study bearing capacity of subgrade using combination bamboo grid and stabilized soil,” Journal of Infrastructure Planning and Engineering (JIPE), vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 87–92, Oct. 2022, doi: 10.22225/jipe.1.2.2022.87-92.
[2] F. M. Talib, H. M. Mohamad, and M. N. Mustafa, “Peat Soil Improvement With Bamboo Reinforcement Technology: A Review,” International Journal Of GEOMATE, vol. 21, no. 88, pp. 75–85, 2021, doi: 10.21660/2021.88.j2259.
[3] C. Reilly and F. Buggy, “Design and Performance of Low Capacity Roads on Peat Foundation Soils in Ireland,” in Advances in Transportation Geotechnics IV, E. Tutumluer, S. Nazarian, I. Al-Qadi, and I. I. A. Qamhia, Eds., Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022, pp. 753–765.
[4] Minister of Transportation of the Republic of Indonesia, “Regulation of the Minister of Transportation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 96 of 2015 concerning Guidelines for the Implementation of Traffic Management and Engineering Activities,” 2015.
[5] S. P. Tianer, “Analisis Kinerja Simpang Bersinyal Pada Persimpangan Tiga Lengan Jalan Sm Amin-Jalan Hr Soebrantas Di Kota Pekanbaru,” Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, 2013.
[6] M. Alzoubaidi, A. Alzoubaidi, and M. Zlatkovic, “Introducing and Evaluating the Operational Performance of a New Interchange Design: The Continuous Green-T Median U-Turn Interchange,” Put i saobra?aj, vol. 69, no. 3, pp. 7–17, Sep. 2023, doi: 10.31075/pis.69.03.02.
[7] B. Pan, S. Liu, Z. Xie, Y. Shao, X. Li, and R. Ge, “Evaluating operational features of three unconventional intersections under heavy traffic based on critic method,” Sustainability (Switzerland), vol. 13, no. 8, pp. 1–30, Apr. 2021, doi: 10.3390/su13084098.
[8] G. Zawawa and H. Naghawi, “Evaluation of the Operational Performance of Continuous Green T-Intersection under Different Levels of Congestion,” Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 66–73, 2021.
[9] S. Shokry, S. Tanaka, and A. M. Wahaballa, “Cost–Benefit Analysis of Unconventional Arterial Intersection Designs: Cairo as a Case Study,” Sustainability (Switzerland), vol. 14, no. 24, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.3390/su142417016.
[10] P. Fernandes and M. C. Coelho, “Can turbo-roundabouts and restricted crossing U-Turn be effective solutions for urban three-leg intersections?,” Sustain. Cities Soc., vol. 96, p. 104672, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2023.104672.
[11] S. Litsas and H. Rakha, “Evaluation of continuous green T-intersections on isolated undersaturated four-lane highways,” Transp. Res. Rec., vol. 2348, no. 1, pp. 19–29, 2013.
[12] J. Wood and E. T. Donnell, “Safety evaluation of continuous green T intersections: A propensity scores-genetic matching-potential outcomes approach,” Accid. Anal. Prev., vol. 93, pp. 1–13, 2016.
[13] K. Bashir, R. Imam, A. Sharan, and A. AlSoud, “Implementation of a Double Continuous Flow Intersection in Riyadh,” Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 333–343, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.3311/PPTR.16506.
[14] T. Sando, D. Chimba, V. Kwigizile, and H. Walker, “Safety analysis of continuous green through lane intersections,” in Journal of the Transportation Research Forum, 2011, pp. 5–17.
[15] K. Jepriadi, “Kalibrasi dan Validasi Model Vissim untuk Mikrosimulasi Lalu Lintas pada Ruas Jalan Tol dengan Lajur Khusus Angkutan Umum (LKAU),” Jurnal Keselamatan Transportasi Jalan (Indonesian Journal of Road Safety), vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 110–118, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.46447/ktj.v9i2.439.
[16] F. Gunes, S. Bayrakli, and A. H. Zaim, “Smart cities and data analytics for intelligent transportation systems: An analytical model for scheduling phases and traffic lights at signalized intersections,” Applied Sciences (Switzerland), vol. 11, no. 15, Aug. 2021, doi: 10.3390/app11156816.
[17] Z. Luo, A. M. Molan, J. E. Hummer, and A. Pande, “Introducing the concept of alternative intersections with three-phase traffic signals,” Transportation Letters, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 169–182, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.1080/19427867.2024.2334101.
[18] M. Almoshaogeh et al., “Developing Warrants for Designing Continuous Flow Intersection,” Advances in Civil Engineering, vol. 2022, no. 1, p. 3565515, Jan. 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3565515.
[19] P. J. Romadhona, T. N. Ikhsan, and D. Prasetyo, Aplikasi Permodelan Lalu Lintas: PTV VISSIM 9.0. Yogyakarta: UII Press, 2019.
[20] N. Wikayanti, H. Azwansyah, and S. N. Kadarini, “Penggunaan Software Vissim untuk Analisis Simpang Bersinyal,” Jurnal Mahasiswa Teknik Sipil Universitas Tanjungpura, 2018.
[21] E. T. Donnell, J. S. Wood, and K. A. Eccles, “Safety evaluation of continuous green T intersections.,” 2016.
[22] S. Muthmainnah and S. Malkhamah, “Optimasi Simpang Bersinyal dengan Mikrosimulasi Software Vissim (Studi Kasus: Simpang Colombo dan Simpang Sagan, Yogyakarta),” Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pascasarjana, DepartemenTeknik Sipil FT-U, pp. 72–81, Jul. 2019.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Rizqy Ridho Prakasa, Dika Meilisan, Edi Yusuf Adiman, Niskan Walid Masruri, Novreta Ersyi Darfia, Randhi Saily, Intan Monica MG, Vinka Lyona, Benny Hamdi Rhoma Putra, Safridatul Audah, Soewignjo Agus Nugroho

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).

