A Critical Review of Restorative Justice Policy in the Indonesian Criminal Justice System Post Law No. 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code

Deassy J.A. Hehanussa; Kukun Abdul Syakur  Munawar; Muh Fadli Faisal  Rasyid; Arianti A Ogotan; Arief Fahmi  Lubis

doi:10.55637/elg.6.1.10607.121-129

Deassy J.A. Hehanussa Faculty of Law, Pattimura University-Ambon, Indonesia
Kukun Abdul Syakur Munawar Aahwal Syakhsiyah Study Program (AS) Islamic College (STAI) Miftahul Huda Al Azhar Banjar, Indonesia
Muh Fadli Faisal Rasyid Faculty of Law, Andi Sapada Institute of Social Sciences and Business, Parepare, Indonesia
Arianti A Ogotan Law study program, Law, Muhammadiyah University of Luwuk, Indonesia
Arief Fahmi Lubis Military Law College, Jakarta, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.55637/elg.6.1.10607.121-129

Keywords: Restorative Justice, 2023 Criminal Code, Criminal Justice System

Abstract

This research examines how the amendments introduced by Law No. 1 of 2023 have integrated restorative justice practices into Indonesia's criminal justice system. It explores key obstacles, particularly the tension between restorative justice and the traditional emphasis on punitive measures within society's legal framework. Utilizing a normative descriptive and juridical-analytical approach, the study employs the normative legal method to trace the evolution of Indonesian criminal law and assess the implementation of restorative justice through primary and secondary legal sources. Despite several existing laws supporting restorative justice, the study reveals that the 2023 Criminal Code lacks precise guidelines, resulting in legal ambiguities. Another significant barrier to the broad application of restorative justice is societal resistance, rooted in a cultural preference for punitive justice. The findings suggest that to address these challenges, there is a need to strengthen legislation, provide training for law enforcement, and increase public awareness about restorative justice.

References

Arief, H., & Ambarsari, N. (2018). Penerapan Prinsip Restorative Justice Dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Di Indonesia. Al-Adl: Jurnal Hukum, 10(2), 173–190.

Arief, S., Muhtar, M. H., & Saragih, G. M. (2023). Upaya Pembelaan Diri Dalam Perspektif Persamaan Di Hadapan Hukum. Jurnal Yudisial, 16(1), Article 1. Https://Doi.Org/10.29123/Jy.V16i1.475

Arifin, S. I. (2023). Rekonstruksi Sifat Melawan Hukum Pidana Materiil Dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 Tentang Kuhp. Al Wasath Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 4(1), Article 1. Https://Doi.Org/10.47776/Alwasath.V4i1.638

Diharjo, N. N., Muhtar, M. H., Rahim, E. I., Rachman, S. N., Saija, V. J. E., & Lubis, A. F. (2024). Human Rights And Constitutional Sovereignty In The Context Of The Struggle For Legal Justice. Bacarita Law Journal, 4(2), Article 2. Https://Doi.Org/10.30598/Bacarita.V4i2.12985

Fadhila, K. W. (2024). Reformasi Hukum Pidana Dan Pertanggungjawaban Korporasi Dalam Uu Kuhp 2023. Action Research Literate, 8(3), 649–657. Https://Doi.Org/10.46799/Arl.V8i3.277

Flora, H. S. (2018). Keadilan Restoratif Sebagai Alternatif Dalam Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Dan Pengaruhnya Dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Di Indonesia. University Of Bengkulu Law Journal, 3(2), Article 2. Https://Doi.Org/10.33369/Ubelaj.3.2.142-158

Ishaq. (2017). Metode Penelitian Hukum Dan Penulisan Skripsi, Tesis, Serta Disertasi. In Alfabeta, Cv.

Kristanto, A. (2022). Kajian Peraturan Jaksa Agung Nomor 15 Tahun 2020 Tentang Penghentian Penuntutan Berdasarkan Keadilan Restoratif. Lex Renaissance, 7(1), 180–193. Https://Doi.Org/10.20885/Jlr.Vol7.Iss1.Art14

Latimer, J., Muise, D., & Dowden, C. (2001). The Effectiveness Of Restorative Justice Practices: A Meta-Analysis [Report]. Dept. Of Justice Canada. Https://Anrows.Intersearch.Com.Au/Anrowsjspui/Handle/1/19407

Malau, P. (2023). Tinjauan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (Kuhp) Baru 2023. Al-Manhaj: Jurnal Hukum Dan Pranata Sosial Islam, 5(1), 837–844. Https://Doi.Org/10.37680/Almanhaj.V5i1.2815

Manurung, S. P. (2020). Fenomena Hukum Akibat Mekanisme Criminal Justice System Dan Keadilan Restoratif Dalam Perspektif Keadilan Utilitarianisme. Jurnal Hukum Magnum Opus, 3(2), 181–190. Https://Www.Academia.Edu/Download/63919586/Combinepdf20200714-20588-8g5sol.Pdf#Page=59

Rahmadianto, M. (2023). Study Of Law Number 1 Of 2023 Concerning The Criminal Code (Kuhp). Enigma In Law, 1(2), Article 2. Https://Doi.Org/10.61996/Law.V1i2.36

Rizqiqa, L. D., Wulandari, W., & Putri, N. S. (2024). Implikasi Pengaturan Pelanggaran Ham Berat Dalam Kuhp 2023 Terhadap Keberlakuan Asas-Asas Khususnya: Penguatan Atau Pelemahan? Jurnal Litigasi, 25(1), Article 1. Https://Doi.Org/10.23969/Litigasi.V25i1.12416

Rumadan, I. (2017). Peran Lembaga Peradilan Sebagai Institusi Penegak Hukum Dalam Menegakkan Keadilan Bagi Terwujudnya Perdamaian. Jurnal Rechts Vinding: Media Pembinaan Hukum Nasional, 6(1), Article 1. Https://Doi.Org/10.33331/Rechtsvinding.V6i1.128

Samuel, C., & Howard, C. (2023). The Concept Of The Death Penalty Is Based On Law Number 1 Of 2023 Concerning The Criminal Code. Qistina: Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia, 2(2), Article 2. Https://Doi.Org/10.57235/Qistina.V2i2.850

Setyawan, V. P., & Kurniawan, I. D. (2023). Permaafan Hakim Dalam Pembaruan Hukum Pidana Indonesia. Jurnal Dunia Ilmu Hukum (Jurdikum), 1(1), Article 1. Https://Doi.Org/10.59435/Jurdikum.V1i1.97

Wenzel, M., Okimoto, T. G., Feather, N. T., & Platow, M. J. (2008). Retributive And Restorative Justice. Law And Human Behavior, 32(5), 375–389. Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/S10979-007-9116-6

Yanto, A., & Hikmah, F. (2023). Akomodasi Hukum Yang Hidup Dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana Nasional Menurut Perspektif Asas Legalitas. Recht Studiosum Law Review, 2(2), Article 2. Https://Doi.Org/10.32734/Rslr.V2i2.14162.