Architectural Research Journal

The Impact of Tourism on Changing Cultural Form (Case Study: Balinese Traditional Lumbung Architecture)

Putu Agung Prianta — 2024-05-31

The rapid development of tourism has challenged the existence of traditional Balinese lumbung. Many lumbungs have been converted into commercial premises for the needs of the tourist market. This research aims to understand the influence of tourism on architectural changes in traditional Balinese lumbungs and to find out the implications of the transformation of traditional Balinese lumbung architecture due to the influence of tourism. The study uses a holistic and descriptive analytical approach, with a qualitative methodology involving literature analysis, observation and interviews. The research results show that tourism has changed the architecture of Balinese lumbungs from placement and form to materials and function. Lumbungs are now often adapted for tourist comfort, using modern materials, and functioning as tourism facilities such as villas and cafes. Sizes and ornaments are adjusted to international standards, as well as the use of modern lighting and ventilation. The transformation of traditional Balinese lumbung architecture has influenced cultural values and environmental sustainability. The conversion of lumbungs causes loss of historical value and reduces local cultural identity. Commercialization ignores cultural heritage and sustainability, increasing the burden on local resources and waste. Local socio-economic changes occurred as many shifted from agriculture to the service sector, increasing social inequality. However, tourism has strengthened awareness and funding for conservation, and the adaptation of modern facilities has increased the function and relevance of lumbung/jineng.

Nemu Gelang Wewengkon Desa lan Karang Paumahan of Bayung Gede as an Ecology-Based Local Wisdom

Mitha Mahastuti — 2024-05-31

Bali has unique methods to preserve environment sustainability, for example: folklore, legend, tale, custom and concept that contain prohibition to do particular activities that could damage the environment. One of the ancient villages (Bali Aga) that has ecology friendly concept is Bayung Gede. This article tries to find how an ecology-based local wisdom evocation can sustain the environment in a growing rural area, especially in Bayung Gede. This article uses a qualitative method through observation and interview. Nemu Gelang refers to the layered green open space arrangement, which has architecture-profane and sacred functionality, on almost entire direction forms a series of layered “green barrier” which is called Nemu Gelang. The existence of these layered open spaces, in the traditional settlements known as "Nemu Gelang Desa" (the center of desa adat/indigenous village where Paumahan/settlements and Pura Kahyangan Tiga/3 village’s cardinal temples are located), while in the realm of the indigenous village area is called “Nemu Gelang Wewengkon Desa Adat”. Beyond the architectural functions, of the existence of these green open spaces remain sustainable for the future because: (i) Some are sacred (on all Setra/Graves and the Mertiwi temples) and (ii) all trees should not be hewn down and protected by Awig-Awig (village’s custom) certain with sanctions. The indigenous villagers of Bayung Gede strive to establish a harmony relationship with these green outdoor/spaces by obeying prohibition and Awig-Awig, and the final hope is that nature will provide protection and welfare for them. Although there are progress and development that changes the village physically, the society of Bayung Gede can sustain their environment through local wisdom evocation.

Configuration of the Emergency Room at Toto Kabila Regional Hospital Based on Space Syntax Analysis

Rahmat Firdaus Bouty — 2024-05-31

A hospital is a health service institution that functions for health services. In the composition of the units in the hospital there are several installations, one of which is the emergency department. Emergency Room (ER) services are very important because they are the main door to hospital services, so they require accessibility and visibility which makes it easier for medical personnel to treat patients. The importance of ease of access or accessibility in the ER is because it makes it easier for medical staff to review patients and ease of monitoring or visibility is needed to be able to control the patient's condition. The ease of accessibility and visibility in the emergency room unit is the basis for this research by assessing the configuration of the emergency room at Toto Kabila Regional Hospital. This research uses Depthmap X software from the Space Syntax technique which can measure the level of spatial configuration from the analysis carried out. The research method used is comparative research, where this research was carried out by comparing the results of the analysis of the speed performance relationship in the emergency room using the Space Syntax tool in the emergency room at Toto Kabila Regional Hospital. This research aims to explain the space configuration in the emergency room at Toto Kabila Regional Hospital by conducting an analysis so that it has criteria for ease of achievement and ease of supervision in order to produce a good emergency room through the use of depthmap software from space syntax. The research results show that accessibility and visibility are important so that patients receive fast service.

Aesthetic Study of Temple Architecture in Bali: A Case Study of Pamesuan Pura Puru Sada, Pura Agung Kentel Bumi, and Pura Batuan

Made Wina Satria — 2024-05-31

A temple as a place of worship is a sacred building, the center of worship of Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa (God Almighty for Hindus) and His manifestations, so that its placement is in a part that is considered main in the land plan of a village or other special place according to applicable local village regulations. In the construction and planning, determining the size, layout, as well as the meaning and symbolism of each temple building in Bali has been stated in the lontar Asta Kosala. Meanwhile, the land management is stated in lontar Asta Bumi. Even though it was built based on concepts from the same lontar source, the shape and appearance of each temple can be very different. Each region in Bali has a unique architectural style, both in ornamentation, use of materials, and even the proportions of the form. In the view of Balinese architecture, the assessment of aesthetic quality is more focused on meaning, taste, and philosophical values, so the assessment tends to be subjective. This research seeks to examine the relationships between humans and the environment, especially those related to aesthetic aspects. The research method used is interpretive criticism, which is not influenced by certain views or doctrines and does not base itself on measurable objectivity. The results of the research show that there is an influence of formal aesthetics on the sensory and symbolic, where the shape and dimensions of the gates (both Candi Bentar and Kori Agung) have given an aesthetic impression to observers, which is then captured by visual sensors and interpreted.

Implementation of Tropical Architectural Concepts as a Basis for Design of the Pantai Pasir Putih Tourism Area

Senimiawaty — 2024-05-31

Indonesia, being the largest archipelagic nation, has exceptional natural resources that can be used as a standard for the growth of the tourism industry. The Pasir Putih Tourist Destination in Bolaang Mongondow Regency is a natural-maritime tourist area that emphasizes outdoor tourism and recreational activities. Currently, the Pasir Putih Destination Area needs serious attention because of its limited capacity for efficient usage as a vital tourism area. The Bolaang Mongondow Regency is an a part of the North Sulawesi Province. The limited visitor numbers, deterioration of tourist amenities, and inadequate facilities and infrastructure made the Pasir Putih tourism site very unappealing to both domestic and local tourists. The purpose of this research is to examine a tropical architectural approach that can be implemented as a basis for creating the Pasir Putih tourist destination that is able to accommodate all visitors' needs. This study employs qualitative methodologies, utilizing data collection techniques such as literature reviews, observations, interviews, and comparison analyses. The results of the research show that to make the Pasir Putih Beach area a tourist destination that is able to accommodate all visitors' needs, facilities and infrastructure that are in accordance with the suitability standards of the tourist destination area need to be equipped. The tropical architecture approach is implemented to overcome tropical climate problems, especially in coastal areas by planting vegetation, cooling at night, minimizing heat gain from solar radiation in buildings, maximizing heat release in buildings, and implementing tropical designs for beachfront buildings.