Aesculapius Medical Journal

Skrining Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Antijamur dari Isolat Bakteri Marinobacter Hydrocarbonoclasticus NAR7

Thu, 31 Oct 2024 11:56:57 +0700

Infectious diseases caused by bacteria and fungi are global health issues, including in Indonesia. Previous studies reported one bacterial isolate associated with the seaweed Caulerpa lentillifera, namely Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus NAR7, which showed antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans based on the perpendicular streak method. This study is alaboratory research with a descriptive method. Isolate M. hydrocarbonoclasticus NAR7 was grown in 100 mL of nutrient broth supplemented with artificial seawater for seven days. The obtained supernatant was separated from the cell mass by filtration, and the supernatant was extracted with ethyl acetate at a ratio of 1:1 (v/v) and further evaporated at 40°C to obtain a thick extract. The crude ethyl acetate extract obtained was tested against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Streptococcus mutans FNCC 0405), and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603) using the Kirby-Bauer method. Screening results showed that the extract was only active against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 with an average inhibitory zone diameter of 7.32±0.57 mm, which is classified as moderate antibacterial activity. Meanwhile, the extract did not form inhibitory zone diameters against other test bacteria. Antifungal screening showed that the extract could not inhibit the growth of Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus fungi. These results overall indicate the initial potential of antibacterial activity from the M. hydrocarbonoclasticus NAR7 isolate. Further optimization efforts, including extraction with different solvents, are required.

Karakteristik Pencetus Hiperbilirubinemia pada Neonatus di Rumah Sakit Daerah Mangusada Badung Bali Periode 2022-2023

I Putu Agung Dhrestaketu Sumedang, Romy Windiyanto, Ni Wayan Armerinayanti — Thu, 31 Oct 2024 12:03:33 +0700

World Health Organization in 2019 reported that as many as 7000 newborns died in the world, while in Indonesia as many as 185 newborns died per day with an IMR of 15/1000 live births. In Mangusada Badung regional hospital, the incidence of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia in 2017 was 1100 neonates, in 2018 there were 1151 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia and in 2019 there were 1075 babies with neonatal jaundice. Hyperbilirubinemia is an increase amount of bilirubin that accumulates in the blood, characterized by total serum bilirubin levels ? 5 mg/dL (86 µmol/L). This study aims to determine the characteristics of triggers of hyperbilirubinemia in neonates at Mangusada Badung Regional Hospital Bali 2022-2023. This study used medical records of hyperbiliribinemia neonates at Mangusada Badung Regional Hospital Bali in periode 1st Januari-31st December 2023 to collect data. Then analysed univariat with descriptive analysis. The results of this study were the characteristics of the dominant variables including the age of the mother at risk (76,4%), male gender (62,2%), neonates with induction of labor (60,0%), premature neonates (81,3%), LBW (81,3%), asphyxia (95,5%), breastfeeding neonates (69,7%), and caesarean delivery method (68,5%). This study can be an additional information about the characteristics of hyperbilirubinemia triggers in neonates so that prevention can be done.

Deselularisasi Makroalga Eucheuma cottonii dan Ulva sp. sebagai Bahan Dasar Perancah untuk Rekayasa Jaringan

I Kadek Adi Aryatama, Komang Trisna Sumadewi, Fransiscus Fiano Anthony Kerans — Thu, 31 Oct 2024 12:07:26 +0700

Scaffold fabrication is an essential component in tissue engineering which is important in the field of biomedicine and regenerative health therapy. One of the scaffold fabrication methods is tissue deselularization method. In general, deselularization methods use animal organ as the base material. However, a number of studies in recent years have explored the potential of cellulose-based tissue engineering scaffolds from macroalgae. Macroalgae Eucheuma cottonii and Ulva sp. are seaweed species with high cellulose content and high abundance in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to determine whether macroalgae Eucheuma cottonii and Ulva sp. can be desulphurized by physico-chemical methods using the immersion-agitation technique of samples in Triton X-100 solution to be used as biological scaffolds. The research method used was an experimental research method divided into control and treatment groups consisting of Triron X-100 concentration variations, namely 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1%. The results of this study showed that the successful deselularization of Eucheuma cottonii using Triton X-100 solution with a concentration of 0.5% and 1% for 10 days was able to provide a clear transparent macroscopic picture and a microscopic picture of the loss of cell nuclei by maintaining the cell wall structure. However, the three concentrations of Triton X-100 could not desulphurize the macroalgae Ulva sp. Testing the pore characteristics of the scaffold, biodegradability test, and biocompability test still need to be done to evaluate the success of this macroalgae-based scaffold so that it can be utilized in tissue engineering.

Gambaran Postur Kerja dan Keluhan Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) pada Pekerja Bangunan Bangunan di PT Q6

I Komang Ary Setia Kurniawan, Ni Wayan Rusni, Komang Trisna Sumadewi — Thu, 31 Oct 2024 12:10:51 +0700

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are disorders related to various components in
the human body, including muscles, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, nervous system,
bone structure, and blood vessels, which are often found in construction workers
with poor posture while working. MSDs affect almost 1.71 billion people
worldwide. Construction workers are one of the professions contributing to the high
number of MSDs incidents. The purpose of this study was to determine the
description of work posture and MSDs in construction workers at PT Q6. We
employed a descriptive, cross-sectional method, utilizing primary data from the
July 2024 research at PT Q6. We conducted this study on 70 samples. The results
of the study were dominated by work postures with minimal risk (50%), MSDs were
dominated by high-risk complaints (70%), the age of workers was dominated by
<35 years (51.4%), all workers were male (100%), the dominant work duration
was ? 8 hours (80%), MSDs in the age category <35 years were dominated by high
risk (55.1%), MSDs in the work duration category <8 hours were dominated by
both moderate (95.2%) and high (73.5%) risk, and MSDs in men were dominated
by moderate (100%) and high (100%) risk categories. The conclusion of the study
shows that the working posture of construction workers at PT Q6 generally has
minimal risk, while MSDs occur most often at high risk. Further research
suggestions include excluding individuals over 55 years of age and controlling for
confounding factors.

Hubungan antara Efikasi Diri dengan Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif Mahasiswa Tahun Pertama di Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Warmadewa

Ni Ketut Witri Nurcahyani, Rima Kusuma Ningrum, Dewa Ayu Agung Alit Suka Astini — Thu, 31 Oct 2024 12:13:28 +0700

Self-efficacy is important for first year students because it can influence academic achievement as assessed through the grade point average. This study aims to analyze the relationship between self-efficacy and grade point average of first year students at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Warmadewa University. This research uses an analytical observational method with a cross-sectional approach with a population including all first year students in the 2022/2023 academic year. Data collection was carried out using the General Self Efficacy Scale questionnaire and secondary data on grade point average of first year students for two semesters. Next, the data will be analyzed univariately and bivariately using the IBM SPSS® version 26 application and tested with Spearman. The results showed that respondents had high self-efficacy (65.5%) and respondents had a GPA in the very satisfactory range (51.5%). The majority showed that respondents had high self efficacy and very satisfactory GPA range but the strength of the relationship between that is weak and showed in coefficient correlation is 0.212.

Karakteristik Penderita Penyakit Konjungtivitis pada Poliklinik Mata Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Sanjiwani Gianyar

Ni Kadek Intan Vitaloka, Rima Kusuma Ningrum, Ni Wayan Sedani — Thu, 31 Oct 2024 12:22:18 +0700

Conjunctivitis is an acute or chronic inflammation of the conjunctiva caused by microbial invasion or an immunological response. Conjunctivitis is considered one of the eye diseases with a high incidence, including in Bali. The objective of this study is to analyze the characteristics based on age, gender, address, location of eye complaints, and symptoms in patients with conjunctivitis. The method used in this research is a retrospective descriptive design through a cross-sectional approach, which is a research design that only describes secondary data obtained from data collection at one time. The data obtained were then tabulated and processed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for Windows. The results of the conjunctivitis study at the Eye Polyclinic of Sanjiwani Gianyar Regional General Hospital from June 2022 to June 2023 showed that the most cases (46%) were at the age of ?40 years, the majority (63%) occurred in men, with (44.33%) the most common clinical symptoms is red eyes, (51%) the location of bilateral eye complaints and the highest (37%) in Gianyar sub-district. Conjunctivitis can occur in everyone, both males and females, and can be found in various age groups with varying symptoms in each individual.

Hubungan Status Gizi dan Tingkat Aktvitas Fisik dengan Siklus Menstruasi pada Remaja Perempuan di SMAN 7 Denpasar

Thu, 31 Oct 2024 12:30:53 +0700

As many as 87% of women with menstrual cycle irregularities have a higher risk of experiencing (polycystic ovarian syndrome) due to impaired ovarian function. Irregular menstrual cycles also have a 2.01 times higher risk of developing diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of women who experience irregular menstrual cycles is more common in adolescent girls aged 16-18 years who are overweight and have a sedentary lifestyle. This study aims to determine the relationship between nutritional status and level of physical activity and the menstrual cycle in adolescent girls at SMA Negeri 7 Denpasar. The research subjects were class XI students of SMA Negeri 7 Denpasar who met the inclusion criteria and numbered 74 people. The sampling method uses simple random sampling. The research method is a quantitative method using a cross sectional design. Data regarding nutritional status was collected through measuring body weight and height, while data regarding physical activity and menstrual cycles were collected through filling out questionnaires by respondents. The research data were analyzed using the Pearson Chi Square test and multinomial logistic regression test. From the research results, it was found that the dominant respondents had normal nutritional status (68.9%), carried out moderate levels of physical activity (42.3%) and experienced normal menstrual cycles (60.8%). Based on the bivariate test, it shows that there is a relationship between nutritional status and physical activity level with a value of p = 0.000. Apart from that, there is a relationship between physical activity levels and the menstrual cycle (p= 0.014). The dominant independent variable that plays a role in the menstrual cycle is nutritional status.

Hubungan antara Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif dan Nilai OSCE Komprehensif Mahasiswa

Putu Ayu Jaya Switi, Rima Kusuma Ningrum, I Made Pariartha — Thu, 31 Oct 2024 12:37:20 +0700

Medical education is constantly evolving to suit the needs of students, faculty, and society. With the development of Miller's pyramid theory, since the mid-20th century Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) has become an assessment standard to measure the improvement of clinical skills in medical training. OSCE is an evaluation method to assess clinical skills in medical undergraduate stage in a structured manner, which tests several aspects, namely knowledge, psychomotor, and attitude aspects. Clinical reasoning ability is one of the indicators that can be seen in the Grade Point Average (GPA). The cognitive aspect includes all knowledge gained through lectures, self-study activities, and group discussions. This aspect is tested with a Multiple Choice Question (MCQ) in the exam at the end of the block. It is still unknown whether OSCE scores can reflect students' clinical reasoning skills, because only a few studies have explained the effectiveness of OSCE to evaluate medical students' clinical reasoning skills. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between GPA and comprehensive OSCE scores in 105 students of class 2018 of the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Warmadewa University. The results showed that most students had a GPA> 3.50 and OSCE scores of 80.00 - 100.00. Bivariate analysis showed a strong relationship between GPA and Comprehensive OSCE scores with a correlation coefficient of 0.796.

Hubungan antara Kadar HbA1c dengan Dislipidemia pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe II di RSUD Sanjiwani Gianyar

Kadek Kelnerin Pretty Sudirga, Anak Agung Gede Budhitresna, Sri Ratna Dewi — Thu, 31 Oct 2024 12:48:18 +0700

Type 2 diabetes mellitus can cause complications including dyslipidemia. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between HbA1c levels and dyslipidemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Sanjiwani Gianyar Hospital. Cross sectional analytic research method was used using secondary data. A total of 81 patients who sought treatment at the Internal Medicine Polyclinic of Sanjiwani Hospital for the period 1 January 2021 - 31 December 2023 were sampled. The results of the analysis using the spearman test with a correlation coefficient value of 0.668 with p = 0.000 (p <0.05) have a strong relationship. The correlation coefficient is positive so that the relationship is unidirectional in both variables, so that if people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus have high HbA1c levels, the incidence rate of dyslipidaemia will increase. Based on these results, DM patients are advised to check their lipid profile to prevent dyslipidaemia which can increase the risk of cardiovascular complications and worsen overall health conditions.

Manajemen Luka Bakar Kornea: Literature Review

Thu, 31 Oct 2024 12:54:39 +0700

Corneal burns are complex eye injuries that require innovative strategies for effective management. Eye burns related to exposure can be categorized into chemical burns (acid and alkali burns), radiation burns from ultraviolet (UV) sources, and thermal burns. Alkaline corneal injuries are more common than acidic due to the prevalence of household cleaning agents containing ammonia and alkali. Acid burns are usually work-related injuries involving industrial processes, but can also be intentional attacks. The clinical manifestations of corneal burns involve several main symptoms that indicate the severity of the injury. Such pain interferes with daily activities and causes significant discomfort, requiring immediate medical attention. Successful management of corneal swelling and injury has been achieved through methods such as Dex-NW, cross-linked hyaluronic acid, antioxidant Tualang honey, sodium hyaluronic acid and topical vitamin c treatment.